Lub tswv yim nthuav tawm tsis yog lub ntsiab ntawm cov kws qhia ntawv nkaus xwb. Nws tso cai rau koj kom nkag siab zoo dua cov qauv ntawm cov kab lus, los txiav txim siab nws qhov tshwj xeeb, thiab thaum kawg txheeb nws kom sai dua. Cov txheej txheem twg, ua ntej ntawm txhua yam, kev pom meej; pom zoo tias thaum koj tab tom sib ceg, piv txwv li, nrog Lev Nikolaevich, kev pom tseeb yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev nkag siab qhov kev thov.
Cov Lus Qhia
Kauj ruam 1
Koj yuav tsum pib los ntawm kev txiav txim siab cov tswv cuab ntawm cov kab lus yog cov lus. Ua ntej, txhais tau cov ncauj lus thiab kwv yees - lub hauv paus sau ntawv. Yog li koj twb muaj qhov "ua yeeb yam" tseeb heev uas koj tuaj yeem "seev cev". Tom qab ntawd peb faib cov lus seem ntawm cov tswvcuab ntawm kab lus, muab tias txhua tus tau muab faib ua pawg pawg thiab pawg kwv yees. Thawj pawg muaj xws li txhais, thib ob - ntxiv thiab xwm txheej. Nco ntsoov tias qee cov lus tsis yog cov tswvcuab ntawm kab lus (piv txwv li kev sib dhos, kev sib txuam, kev qhia thiab muab tso rau kev tsim qauv), tab sis nws tseem tshwm sim tias ob peb lo lus ua ke ua ib tus tswvcuab ntawm kab lus (adverbial thiab cov kab lus koom nrog).
Kauj ruam 2
Yog li, koj twb muaj qee yam kev thov tawm tus qauv qhia. Yog tias koj tshem cov lus lawv tus kheej thiab tawm hauv cov kab nkaus xwb uas nkag siab cov tswvcuab ntawm kab lus, tom qab ntawv qhov no tuaj yeem raug txiav txim siab daim duab. Txawm li cas los xij, kev xav hauv koj kis txhua yam nyuaj dua. Piv txwv li, koj muaj cov kab lus tsis txaus ntseeg, uas yog piv txwv li, nws muaj adverbial tig mus. Xws li lub hauv siab tau hais kom meej meej raws li qhov xwm txheej, thiab ntawm daim duab kos nws yuav muab cais tawm ntawm cov kab seem los ntawm kab ntsug:, | _._._._._ |,
Kauj ruam 3
Yog tias koj muaj cov kab lus tsis yooj yim, ces daim duab kos yuav xav tau los cuam tshuam txhua qhov xwm txheej uas koj pom hauv lub zej zog no. Qhov kwv yees feem yuav txawv los ntawm kev tshawb rau txhua hom kev sau cov kab lus hauv kab lus: ib qho kev loj ntawm grammatical - ib qho kev kwv yees. Ntawd yog, yog tias peb muaj cov kab lus sib txuas (uas yog, cov ntu hauv nws yog sib npaug thiab tsis vam khom ib leeg hauv ib txoj kev twg), tom qab ntawd peb yuav cais ob qho tib si nrog cov square nkhaus, thiab nruab nrab ntawm lawv peb yuav tso cim cim thiab lub koomhaum pab neeg ua haujlwm uas txuas rau lawv: , thiab.
Kauj ruam 4
Yog tias koj muaj cov kab lus tsis yooj yim, tom qab ntawv koj yuav tsum qhia tag nrho cov kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov ntu, txij li hauv kab lus ntawd ib feem mloog lwm tus. Qhov ib uas lawv mloog yog qhov tseem ceeb, qhov ib yog ua raws li cov kab lus subordinate. Qhov tseem ceeb yog qhia los ntawm cov nkhaus square, nqe lus hauv qab ntawm kev sib dhos - los ntawm kab sib dhos: , (uas…). Xws li lub tswv yim yuav tsim nyog rau kab lus, piv txwv li: "Peb pom lub tsev uas Jack ua", thiab cov kab lus yuav nyuaj nrog cov kab lus subordinate.
Kauj ruam 5
Xav txog koj tus kws qhia ntawv qhov xav tau thaum tsim daim duab, vim cov no yuav txawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis txhob hnov qab tias daim duab zoo li ua ntej ntawm kev txheeb xyuas ntawm kab lus, yog li koj sau ntau hauv daim duab, koj yuav nkag siab ntau dua thiab tom qab ntawd hais. Tab sis tsis txhob tshaj daim duab: piv txwv li, feem ntau nws tsis tsim nyog los qhia txhua tus tswv cuab ntawm kab lus uas muaj nyob ntawm daim duab ntawm kab lus loj ua ke. Tsuas yog sau lub hauv paus lus grammatical tau sau tseg.
