Ntawm tag nrho cov ntau yam ntawm daim ntawv hom ntawv uas muaj nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb, A4 yog qhov ntau tshaj plaws. Nws yog ntawm cov ntawv ntawd uas cov tshuab luam ntawv txheem yog taw qhia. Cov hom ntawv no yog siv rau kev luam tawm cov ntaub ntawv, ntawv kawm thiab science; sau cov nqe lus thiab ntau ntxiv. Dab tsi yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm daim ntawv loj no?
Ntawv ntau thiab tsawg A
A4 yog tus sawv cev ntawm A kab ntawm hom ntawv. Cov no yog cov qauv ntawv me me siv nyob rau hauv ntau lub teb chaws ntawm lub ntiaj teb, qhia nyob rau hauv 20s ntawm lub xyoo pua kawg ntawm qhov pib ntawm German engineer thiab kev ua lej Walter Portsmann, ib tus neeg tsim ntawm DIN txheej txheem system.
Lub ntsej muag sib piv ntawm txhua cov ntawv ntawm tus qauv kav no yog qhov zoo ib yam - yog tias lub sab luv luv yog coj los ua ib qho, ces sab ntev yuav sib npaug nrog lub hauv paus ntawm ob (1: 1, 4142). Yog tias daim ntawv nrog cov sib txig sib luag yog khoov rau ib nrab ntawm sab ntev, tom qab ntawd qhov "halves" yuav muaj qhov sib npaug sib npaug.
Cov ntawv loj tshaj plaws rau cov kav A yog daim ntawv nrog thaj tsam ntawm ib lub meter (ntev ntawm ob sab - 841 x 1189 mm). Nws lub npe hu ua A0. Thaum muab tais rau hauv ib nrab, A1 nplooj ntawv tau txais, thaum rov tuaj dua, A2 nplooj ntawv, thiab lwm yam. Qhov tseeb, qhov digital index yog sib npaug rau cov lej uas yuav tsum tau ua kom tau txais daim ntawv ntawm hom ntawv muab los ntawm A0, thiab cov lej loj dua, cov ntawv me.
Cov Series A hom tsis yog tib qho txheej txheem thoob ntiaj teb rau cov ntawv ntev thiab cov qib. Tseem muaj cov kab ntawm cov hom B thiab C, tab sis lawv tau tsuas yog ua los ntawm cov kws tshwj xeeb hauv kev luam ntawv. Lawv lub ntsej muag sib npaug yog qhov zoo ib yam, tab sis "cov ntsiab lus siv" sib txawv - rau cov nplooj ntawv ntawm B0 hom ntawv, qhov ntev ntawm cov luv luv yog sib npaug rau ib 'meter' (thaum rau A0 nws tsuas yog 841 hli). Lub qhov ntev ntawm ob sab ntawm cov nplooj ntawv loj C sawv cev rau cov duab geometric ntawm A thiab B. Nws yog tus qauv no "nrog kev pom zoo" uas yog siv hauv kev tsim cov hnab ntawv rau cov ntawv los ntawm cov kav ib qho.
Dab tsi yog qhov loj ntawm A4 ntawv
Qhov siab thiab dav ntawm daim ntawv A4 daim ntawv yog 297 thiab 210 millimeters (29.7 txog 21 centimeters). Nti, daim ntawv qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm qhov ntsuas ntawm qhov ntsuas no feem ntau tsis ntsuas. Txawm li cas los xij, paub tias ib nti ua raws 2.54 cm, nws tsis yog qhov nyuaj rau suav qhov loj ntawm A4 daim ntawv hauv cov koog no. Nws yuav yog 11.75 X 8.25.
Qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm "neeg nyob sib ze" (thiab tseem muaj qhov tshwm sim ntau):
- A3 (ob npaug rau ntau npaum li cas) - 420 los ntawm 297 hli;
- A5 (ib nrab ntau li ntau) - 210 x 148 hli.
Yog tias koj sim rov ua dua daim ntawv loj koj tus kheej raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus "faib qhov ntev ntawm cov hom loj dua los ntawm ob thiab tau txais qhov dav ntawm cov hom ntawv me me", koj yuav pom qee qhov tsis sib xws: faib 297 ntawm ob yuav tsum ua rau 148.5, thaum lub qhov dav ntawm A5 daim ntawv yog 148 yam tsis muaj "halves". Cov khoom khib txhua yam muab faib tib qho. Txoj kab uas “tsis muaj nuj nqi” raug txiav rau “txiav ib zaug”. Tib lub sijhawm, raws li GOSTs, cov ntawv ntawm cov ntawv yuav muaj qhov txawv me me ntawm qhov "siv" qhov ntev - nws yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 3 hli.
Ntev npaum li cas ib pob ntawm A4 ntawv thiab ib daim ntawv cais hnyav?
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm daim ntawv feem ntau txiav txim siab los ntawm nws qhov ntom, ntsuas hauv grams tauj ib square meter - qhov ntsuas no yog sib npaug nrog qhov hnyav ntawm ib daim ntawv ntawm A0 hom. Raws li cov ntawv sau hauv chav ua haujlwm, cov khoom siv nrog qhov ntom ntawm 80 g / m2 feem ntau siv - thiab qhov ntsuas no yog qhov zoo tshaj rau cov qauv ntawm cov chaw ua haujlwm tsim rau cov ntawv uas muaj qhov ntom ntawm 70 txog 90 g / m2. Thinner ntawv twb tau txiav txim siab sau ntawv, hauv chaw ua haujlwm cov khoom siv nws ua rau cov tawv nqaij thiab cov khoom pov tseg.
Qhov kwv yees kwv yees ntawm ib daim ntawv ntawm cov ntawv A4 chaw ua haujlwm zoo yog 5 grams, thiab ib pob ntawv txheem ntawm 500 daim ntawv, nyeg, hnyav li 2.5 kg (sib txawv los ntawm tus nqi no rau cov tuam txhab sib txawv feem ntau tsis tshaj 100-150 grams).
Txhawm rau suav qhov hnyav ntawm daim ntawv A4 rau daim ntawv ntawm qhov sib txawv, nws txaus los faib tus nqi ntawm qhov ntsuas no los ntawm 16 - tom qab tag nrho, qhov no yog pes tsawg A4 nplooj ntawv "haum" rau hauv A0 daim ntawv.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm A4 chaw ua haujlwm ntawv
Kev ntom ntom yog qhov tseem ceeb tab sis tsis muaj tus cwj pwm ntawm cov ntawv. Ntawm lwm cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo thiab kev nkag siab ntawm cov ntawv luam ntawm nws, kuj tseem muaj qhov ntsuas ntawm dawb - qib ntawm nce cov xim ntawm daim ntawv mus rau "dawb kiag li" thiab qib ntawm opacity.
Rau cov haujlwm hauv chaw ua haujlwm, chav kawm C daim ntawv feem ntau yog siv - nws yog qhov ntau thiab zoo heev rau kev tswj hwm cov ntawv, luam, luam ntawv cov ntawv, thiab lwm yam. Cov xim dawb ntawm cov ntawv zoo li yog 92-94% raws li ISO nplai (135-146% raws li CIE), thiab opacity yog 89-90%. Nws yog daim ntawv no nrog qhov ntom ntawm 80 g / m2 uas feem ntau muag raws li lub npe ntawm chaw ua hauj lwm ntawv.
"Zoo dua", smoother qib B daim ntawv tus nqi ntau me ntsis thiab muaj ntau qhov tsawg dua. Nws qhov opacity yog 91-92%, qhov dawb tseem yog siab dua - 97-98% ISO, 152-160% CIE. Nws nquag siv rau hauv tshuab luam ntawv rau kev kub ceev thiab duplex luam ntawv, nrog rau xim lossis laser luam ntawv rau cov ntawv loj loj.
Qhov tsawg kawg ntawm chaw ua haujlwm cov ntawv yog rau cov chav kawm A, thiab eucalyptus raw khoom siv rau nws cov chaw tsim khoom. Cov xim dawb ntawm cov ntawv zoo li tsis qis dua 98% raws li ISO thiab los ntawm 161% raws li CIE, thiab tus nqi yuav luag ob zaug siab npaum li cov qauv ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov chav kawm C.
Cov chav kawm ntawm cov ntawv ua haujlwm thiab nws cov ntom ntom feem ntau tau qhia ntawm lub pob ntawm pob - thiab qhov dawb thiab opacity ntawm ib hom twg tuaj yeem nrhiav tau hauv cov ntawv tshwj xeeb rau cov khoom, A4 ntawv dawb ntawm chav A, B, C lossis hauv cov lus piav qhia ntawm cov khoom muab khoom los ntawm khw hauv online.
Muaj pes tsawg lub pixels ua hom A4
Nws tsis tuaj yeem hais meej tias pes tsawg lub pixels "haum" nyob rau hauv hom A4 - tom qab tag nrho, ib lub pixel tsis muaj nws qhov "dimension", thiab cov duab thiab meej npaum li cas, nyob ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm pixels ib nti. Raws li, cov lej ntawm cov pixels hauv cov duab, tuaj yeem ua tiav, tsis muaj ciam teb, "foob" A4 ntawv yuav nyob ntawm qhov kev daws teeb meem ntawm daim duab. Koj tuaj yeem xam nws, paub txog qhov ntev ntawm A4 nti (11.75x8.25) thiab dpi ntawm daim duab (tus naj npawb ntawm pixels ib nti).
Yog li nrog kev daws teeb meem ntawm 72 dpi, qhov loj ntawm cov ntawv yuav sib haum rau daim duab nrog 846 pixels ntawm sab ntev thiab 594 ntawm sab luv. Kev daws teeb meem ntawm 300 dpi, uas tso cai rau koj kom tau txais cov duab pom tseeb thiab zoo nkauj thaum luam ntawv, koj yuav xav tau daim duab 3525 x 2475 pixel duab. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, xws li cov duab yuav tsum muaj 8.7 megapixels.
